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STM32(H7S7)学习记录-9：XSPI Octal Flash内存映射

        最近在使用STM32H7S78-DK这块板的时候，发现官方只给了PSRAM（hexa spi）的内存映射的例子，但是官方没有给Octal_flash的内存映射例子。在此记录一下。目前STM32H7RS软件包还是V1.0。cubeMX版本是6.11.1 (cubemx生成的STM32H7S系列的代码还是不太完整，需要参考官方例程以及查找官方文档）。

        简单介绍一下XSPI的一些知识（想要知道更多的话可以看一些具有XSPI芯片的参考手册）。XSPI支持两个协议，regular-command / hyperbus protocol，三个模式，间接、间状态轮询（hyperbus protocol 没有这个模式）、内存映射。XSPI可以配置成single_SPI、Dual_SPI、Quad_SPI、Octal_SPI、hexa_SPI、hyperbus。

       regular-command protocol有以下阶段：

• instruction phase

• address phase

• alternate-byte phase

• dummy-cycle phase

• data phase

注意：Only the data phase uses 16 bits. Instruction, address, and alternate phases use only the eight LSB of the bus as for octal configuration.

支持SDR\DTR模式。

对目前cubemx里面的XSPI参数进行解释：

Fifo threshold ：设置的是Fifo阈值的大小。

memory mode：此处不太确定（没找到相应的寄存器）。应该是指协议regular-command protocol /HyperBus protocol。看官方例程都是disable。

memory type：这里是 你所使用的内存厂家。

memory size：你所使用的memory大小。

Schip select high time cycle：查阅STM32H7S7手册：当空闲时，ncs引脚是高电平。也就是与外部设备进行各项事务之间保持高电平的时间。

free running clock ：手册里面的解释（翻译了一下）→自由时钟 自由时钟（free running clock），即运行时时钟频率、占空比等不随时间发生变化的时钟，通俗来讲线上一直有稳定的时钟信号，比如 I2S 的MCLK、BCLK 非自由时钟 非自由时钟（Non-free running clock），即在运行时，时钟信号不是稳定产生的，只有发送、接受数据时才需要时钟信号，比如 I2C 、SPI 的时钟信号。

clock mode：0: CLK必须保持在低电平，而NCS是高电平（芯片选择释放），称为时钟模式0。  1: CLK必须保持在高电平，而NCS是高电平（芯片选择释放），称为时钟模式3。（没有时钟模式2！）

wrap size：（这个意思其实我没太理解好）表示配置内存的包装大小。针对需要包装指令的内存。这个位字段表示与XSPI_WPIR中保存的命令相关联的包装大小

clock prescaler：预分频数（实际XSPI时钟频率=XSPI的频率/预分频数+1）。

sample shift ：默认情况下，数据由外部设备驱动后，XSPI采样CLK周期的1/2。允许稍后对数据进行采样，以便考虑外部信号的延迟(STR)。

delay holde quarter cycle：当外部DQS被用作采样时钟时，对于所有在freq_min以上的频率，它被精确地移动SPI时钟周期的四分之一，以补偿产品嵌入时“高速接口”中的数据传播延迟。

chip select boundary：例如，如果CSBOUND[4:0] = 0x4，则将边界设置为2^4 = 16字节。因此，每次LSB地址等于0xF时，以及每次发出一个新事务以处理下一个数据时，都会释放NCS。

maximum transfer：是否启用通信调节功能。当另一个XSPI请求访问总线时，每一个最大的+1时钟周期都会释放NCS

refresh rate：启用刷新率功能。在写入时，NCS每次时钟周期+1进行刷新，在读取时，每时钟周期+4进行刷新。当在单、双或四spi模式下的字节传输期间发生刷新时，这个值可以用少数时钟周期进行扩展，因为字节（ a byte）传输必须完成。

memory select： 选择片选信号，NCS1 或者NCS2对应芯片不同引脚！（对于H7S7来说有两个port，每个port都有NCS1与NCS2，当XSPI_1 与 XSPI_2用同一个port 会有仲裁器判断)。

以下是配置Octal_SPI_FLASH例子（使用的是XSPI_2对应地址0x7000 0000；如果你是用的是XSPI_1的话对应地址0x9000 0000)：

        

记得配置时钟，我这配置了100MHz。

我这里还开了一个串口，方便调试。

以下是主要代码：

int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
  XSPI_RegularCmdTypeDef sCommand = {0};
  XSPI_MemoryMappedTypeDef sMemMappedCfg={0};
  uint32_t v=0;

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Update SystemCoreClock variable according to RCC registers values. */
  SystemCoreClockUpdate();

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_UART7_Init();
  MX_XSPI2_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

XSPI_NOR_OctalDTRModeCfg(&hxspi2);
//XSPI_WriteEnable(&hxspi2);

  sCommand.InstructionMode    = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_8_LINES;
  sCommand.InstructionWidth   = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_16_BITS;
  sCommand.InstructionDTRMode = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.AddressMode        = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_8_LINES;
  sCommand.AddressWidth       = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_32_BITS;
  sCommand.AddressDTRMode     = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.AlternateBytesMode = HAL_XSPI_ALT_BYTES_NONE;
  sCommand.DataMode           = HAL_XSPI_DATA_8_LINES;
  sCommand.DataDTRMode        = HAL_XSPI_DATA_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.DQSMode            = HAL_XSPI_DQS_ENABLE;
  
  
    sCommand.OperationType      = HAL_XSPI_OPTYPE_READ_CFG;
  sCommand.Instruction        = OCTAL_IO_DTR_READ_CMD;
  sCommand.DummyCycles        = DUMMY_CLOCK_CYCLES_READ_OCTAL;
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_Command(&hxspi2, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
sCommand.OperationType = HAL_XSPI_OPTYPE_WRITE_CFG;
	sCommand.Instruction = OCTAL_PAGE_PROG_CMD;
	sCommand.DummyCycles = 0;
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_Command(&hxspi2, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
 
  sMemMappedCfg.TimeOutActivation = HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_COUNTER_ENABLE;
  sMemMappedCfg.TimeoutPeriodClock      = 0x34;
  
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_MemoryMapped(&hxspi2, &sMemMappedCfg) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
  volatile uint32_t *pAddress = (volatile uint32_t *)0x70000000;
  v= * pAddress;
  HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart7,(uint8_t*)&v,4,0xff);

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

static void XSPI_WriteEnable(XSPI_HandleTypeDef *hxspi)
{
  XSPI_RegularCmdTypeDef  sCommand ={0};
  uint8_t reg[2];
  
  /* Enable write operations ------------------------------------------ */
  sCommand.OperationType      = HAL_XSPI_OPTYPE_COMMON_CFG;
  sCommand.Instruction        = OCTAL_WRITE_ENABLE_CMD;
  sCommand.InstructionMode    = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_8_LINES;
  sCommand.InstructionWidth    = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_16_BITS;
  sCommand.InstructionDTRMode = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.AddressMode        = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_NONE;
  sCommand.AlternateBytesMode = HAL_XSPI_ALT_BYTES_NONE;
  sCommand.DataMode           = HAL_XSPI_DATA_NONE;
  sCommand.DummyCycles        = 0;
  sCommand.DQSMode            = HAL_XSPI_DQS_DISABLE;
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_Command(hxspi, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
  /* Configure automatic polling mode to wait for write enabling ---- */
  sCommand.Instruction    = OCTAL_READ_STATUS_REG_CMD;
  sCommand.Address        = 0x0;
  sCommand.AddressMode    = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_8_LINES;
  sCommand.AddressWidth    = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_32_BITS;
  sCommand.AddressDTRMode = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.DataMode       = HAL_XSPI_DATA_8_LINES;
  sCommand.DataDTRMode    = HAL_XSPI_DATA_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.DataLength     = 2;
  sCommand.DummyCycles    = DUMMY_CLOCK_CYCLES_READ_OCTAL;
  sCommand.DQSMode        = HAL_XSPI_DQS_ENABLE;
  
  do
  {
    if (HAL_XSPI_Command(hxspi, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }
    
    if (HAL_XSPI_Receive(hxspi, reg, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }
  } while((reg[0] & WRITE_ENABLE_MASK_VALUE) != WRITE_ENABLE_MATCH_VALUE);
}

/**
* @brief  This function read the SR of the memory and wait the EOP.
* @param  hxspi: XSPI handle
* @retval None
*/
static void XSPI_AutoPollingMemReady(XSPI_HandleTypeDef *hxspi)
{
  XSPI_RegularCmdTypeDef  sCommand={0};
  uint8_t reg[2];
  
  /* Configure automatic polling mode to wait for memory ready ------ */
  sCommand.OperationType      = HAL_XSPI_OPTYPE_COMMON_CFG;
  sCommand.Instruction        = OCTAL_READ_STATUS_REG_CMD;
  sCommand.InstructionMode    = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_8_LINES;
  sCommand.InstructionWidth    = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_16_BITS;
  sCommand.InstructionDTRMode = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.Address            = 0x0;
  sCommand.AddressMode        = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_8_LINES;
  sCommand.AddressWidth        = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_32_BITS;
  sCommand.AddressDTRMode     = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.AlternateBytesMode = HAL_XSPI_ALT_BYTES_NONE;
  sCommand.DataMode           = HAL_XSPI_DATA_8_LINES;
  sCommand.DataDTRMode        = HAL_XSPI_DATA_DTR_ENABLE;
  sCommand.DataLength             = 2;
  sCommand.DummyCycles        = DUMMY_CLOCK_CYCLES_READ_OCTAL;
  sCommand.DQSMode            = HAL_XSPI_DQS_ENABLE;
  
  do
  {
    if (HAL_XSPI_Command(hxspi, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }
    
    if (HAL_XSPI_Receive(hxspi, reg, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
    {
      Error_Handler();
    }
  } while((reg[0] & MEMORY_READY_MASK_VALUE) != MEMORY_READY_MATCH_VALUE);
}

/**
* @brief  This function configure the memory in Octal DTR mode.
* @param  hxspi: XSPI handle
* @retval None
*/
static void XSPI_NOR_OctalDTRModeCfg(XSPI_HandleTypeDef *hxspi)
{
  uint8_t reg = 0;
  XSPI_RegularCmdTypeDef  sCommand = {0};
  XSPI_AutoPollingTypeDef sConfig  = {0};
  
  sCommand.OperationType      = HAL_XSPI_OPTYPE_COMMON_CFG;
  sCommand.InstructionMode    = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_1_LINE;
  sCommand.InstructionWidth    = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_8_BITS;
  sCommand.InstructionDTRMode = HAL_XSPI_INSTRUCTION_DTR_DISABLE;
  sCommand.AddressDTRMode     = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_DTR_DISABLE;
  sCommand.AlternateBytesMode = HAL_XSPI_ALT_BYTES_NONE;
  sCommand.DataDTRMode        = HAL_XSPI_DATA_DTR_DISABLE;
  sCommand.DummyCycles        = 0;
  sCommand.DQSMode            = HAL_XSPI_DQS_DISABLE;
  sConfig.MatchMode           = HAL_XSPI_MATCH_MODE_AND;
  sConfig.AutomaticStop       = HAL_XSPI_AUTOMATIC_STOP_ENABLE;
  sConfig.IntervalTime        = 0x10;
  
  
  /* Enable write operations */
  sCommand.Instruction = WRITE_ENABLE_CMD;
  sCommand.DataMode    = HAL_XSPI_DATA_NONE;
  sCommand.AddressMode = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_NONE;

  if (HAL_XSPI_Command(hxspi, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /* Reconfigure XSPI to automatic polling mode to wait for write enabling */
  sConfig.MatchMask           = 0x02;
  sConfig.MatchValue          = 0x02;
  
  sCommand.Instruction    = READ_STATUS_REG_CMD;
  sCommand.DataMode       = HAL_XSPI_DATA_1_LINE;
  sCommand.DataLength         = 1;
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_Command(hxspi, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  if (HAL_XSPI_AutoPolling(hxspi, &sConfig, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
  /* Write Configuration register 2 (with Octal I/O SPI protocol) */
  sCommand.Instruction = WRITE_CFG_REG_2_CMD;
  sCommand.AddressMode = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_1_LINE;
  sCommand.AddressWidth = HAL_XSPI_ADDRESS_32_BITS;
  
  sCommand.Address = 0;
  reg = 0x2;
  
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_Command(hxspi, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_Transmit(hxspi, &reg, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
  sCommand.Instruction    = READ_STATUS_REG_CMD;
  sCommand.DataMode       = HAL_XSPI_DATA_1_LINE;
  sCommand.DataLength     = 1;
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_Command(hxspi, &sCommand, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
  if (HAL_XSPI_AutoPolling(hxspi, &sConfig, HAL_XSPI_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT_VALUE) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  
}

一些定义：

/* Flash commands */
#define OCTAL_IO_READ_CMD           0xEC13
#define OCTAL_IO_DTR_READ_CMD       0xEE11
#define OCTAL_PAGE_PROG_CMD         0x12ED
#define OCTAL_READ_STATUS_REG_CMD   0x05FA
#define OCTAL_SECTOR_ERASE_CMD      0x21DE
#define OCTAL_WRITE_ENABLE_CMD      0x06F9
#define READ_STATUS_REG_CMD         0x05
#define WRITE_CFG_REG_2_CMD         0x72
#define WRITE_ENABLE_CMD            0x06

/* Dummy clocks cycles */
#define DUMMY_CLOCK_CYCLES_READ            6
#define DUMMY_CLOCK_CYCLES_READ_REG        4
#define DUMMY_CLOCK_CYCLES_READ_OCTAL      6

/* Auto-polling values */
#define WRITE_ENABLE_MATCH_VALUE    0x02
#define WRITE_ENABLE_MASK_VALUE     0x02

#define MEMORY_READY_MATCH_VALUE    0x00
#define MEMORY_READY_MASK_VALUE     0x01

#define AUTO_POLLING_INTERVAL       0x10

/* Memory registers address */
#define CONFIG_REG2_ADDR1           0x0000000
#define CR2_DTR_OPI_ENABLE          0x02

#define CONFIG_REG2_ADDR3           0x00000300
#define CR2_DUMMY_CYCLES_66MHZ      0x07

/* Memory delay */
#define MEMORY_REG_WRITE_DELAY      40
#define MEMORY_PAGE_PROG_DELAY      2

/* End address of the OSPI memory */
#define OSPI_END_ADDR               (1 << OSPI_FLASH_SIZE)

/* Size of buffers */
#define BUFFERSIZE                  256

运行效果：

串口打印的内容：

debug模式下，查看内存：

作者：做只小小jet

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