代码收藏家 STM32 HAL CubeMX 串口IDLE接收空闲中断 不使用DMA
使用CUBEMX提供的函数直接实现任意长度数据接收，不使用DMA。
0、工程基本配置
启用调试引脚避免被占用导致无法烧录（出现这种情况需要使用STM32 ST-LINK Utility，或者改变Boot启动方式重新烧录）。
启用外部高速时钟。
配置引脚以及外设速度为72Mhz
配置项目具体信息
生成工程，编译一次确保没有出错
启用串口1
更改波特率、停止位
启用中断
更新工程- 然后使用Keil打开工程 修改代码
1、CUBEMX中配置串口参数以及中断
2、生成代码后 主函数启用空闲中断
定义接收缓存区，这里使用的是16字节长度的数组 text
uint8_t text[16];
定义数据量存储变量 indx，用于接收每帧数据大小
unsigned int indx; main.c中 启用空闲中断，这里使用串口1、使用text作为缓存数组，大小为16字节
HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(&huart1, text, 16);在主函数中定义事件接收回调函数，用于处理空闲中断以及重新开启中断
void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size)
{
indx = Size;
HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(huart, text, 16);
rx_flag = 1;
}
主函数中 轮询帧标志位 rx_flag ，如果rx_flag == 1 ，说明接收完毕一帧数据，显示到OLED屏幕上后，使用memset清理数组。
if(rx_flag == 1)
{
rx_flag = 0;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, text, indx, 0xff);
memset(text, 0 ,16);
}此处为一帧数据标志位等于1时，将标志位清零，然后使用阻塞串口发送将一帧数据回传，发送结束后使用memset清零接收缓存区。
3、最终效果
如图，发送一帧数据返回一帧数据，超过16字节大将被丢弃，并且不影响下一次发送
不足16位依旧算为１帧，回显一次。
附录代码 main.c
只要cubemx设置成功 理论上复制这个main.c覆盖就能运行。（main.c中大部分内容为Cubemx自动生成，只需要关注PV、PFP区域和main.c以及最后Code4部分即可）
注意需要在int main前面申明函数 HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback
因为这是一个重定义的函数，如果不申明，会默认调用一个空函数。
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.</center></h2>
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
unsigned int indx;
uint8_t text[16];
unsigned char rx_flag;
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size);
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(&huart1, text, 16);
while (1)
{
if(rx_flag == 1)
{
rx_flag = 0;
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, text, indx, 0xff);
memset(text, 0 ,16);
}
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void HAL_UARTEx_RxEventCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart, uint16_t Size)
{
indx = Size;
HAL_UARTEx_ReceiveToIdle_IT(huart, text, 16);
rx_flag = 1;
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
作者：Londoge
