STM32驱动4寸ST7796S LCD-TFT屏:实现色彩绚丽的显示

STM32驱动4寸ST7796S LCD-TFT屏

  • 简介
  • 屏幕与STM32F103RCT6开发板接线
  • 屏幕原理图
  • STM32驱动程序
  • 屏幕显示效果
  • 简介

    屏幕驱动芯片ST7796S最大支持320*480分辨率的屏幕,显存GRAM达345600字节,支持8/9/16/18/24位并口数据总线,还支持3/4线制SPI通信。每一个像素点RGB显示的颜色可达65K/262K/16.7M钟,像素点地址设置按照行列的顺序进行,递增递减方向由扫描方式决定,显示方法按照先设置地址再设置颜色。
    4寸LCD屏幕参数

    项目 描述
    显示颜色 RGB 65K彩色
    分辨率 480*320(Pixel)
    通信接口 4线SPI
    触摸IC类型 电阻触摸XPT2046
    工作温度 -10℃~60℃

    屏幕与STM32F103RCT6开发板接线

    屏幕引脚 引脚说明 STM32引脚
    VCC 电源正(3.3-5V) 5V/3.3V
    GND 电源地 GND
    CS 片选(低有效) PB11
    RESET 复位(低有效) PB12
    DC/RS 命令/数据选择(高电平:数据,低:命令) PB10
    SDI(MOSI) SPI总线写数据信号 PB15
    SCK SPI总线时钟信号 PB13
    LED 背光控制(高点亮,如不需控制,则接3.3V) PB9
    SDO(MISO) SPI总线读数据信号 PB14
    T_CLK 触摸SPI总线时钟信号 PC0
    T_CS 触摸片选(低有效) PC13
    T_DIN 触摸SPI总线输入信号 PC3
    T_DO 触摸SPI总线输出信号 PC2
    T_IRQ 触摸中断信号 PC10

    屏幕原理图



    STM32驱动程序

    主程序代码

    #include "delay.h"
    #include "sys.h"
    #include "lcd.h"
    #include "touch.h"
    #include "gui.h"
    #include "test.h"
    
    int main(void)
    {	
    	SystemInit();//初始化RCC 设置系统主频为72MHZ
    	delay_init(72);	     //延时初始化
    	LCD_Init();	   //液晶屏初始化
      //循环测试
    	while(1)
    	{
    		main_test(); 		//测试主界面
    		Test_Color();  		//简单刷屏填充测试
    		Test_FillRec();		//GUI矩形绘图测试
    		Test_Circle(); 		//GUI画圆测试
    		Test_Triangle();    //GUI三角形绘图测试
    		English_Font_test();//英文字体示例测试
    		Chinese_Font_test();//中文字体示例测试
    		Pic_test();			//图片显示示例测试
    		Rotate_Test();   //旋转显示测试
    		//如果不带触摸,或者不需要触摸功能,请注释掉下面触摸屏测试项
    		Touch_Test();		//触摸屏手写测试  
    	}
    }
    

    STM32硬件SPI驱动代码

    #include "spi.h"
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :u8 SPI_WriteByte(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx,u8 Byte)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Write a byte of data using STM32's hardware SPI
     * @parameters :SPIx: SPI type,x for 1,2,3
                    Byte:Data to be written
     * @retvalue   :Data received by the bus
    ******************************************************************************/
    u8 SPI_WriteByte(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx,u8 Byte)
    {
    	while((SPIx->SR&SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE)==RESET);		//等待发送区空	  
    	SPIx->DR=Byte;	 	//发送一个byte   
    	while((SPIx->SR&SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE)==RESET);//等待接收完一个byte  
    	return SPIx->DR;          	     //返回收到的数据			
    } 
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void SPI_SetSpeed(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx,u8 SpeedSet)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Set hardware SPI Speed
     * @parameters :SPIx: SPI type,x for 1,2,3
                    SpeedSet:0-high speed
    												 1-low speed
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/
    void SPI_SetSpeed(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx,u8 SpeedSet)
    {
    	SPIx->CR1&=0XFFC7;
    	if(SpeedSet==1)//高速
    	{
    		SPIx->CR1|=SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2;//Fsck=Fpclk/2	
    	}
    	else//低速
    	{
    		SPIx->CR1|=SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_32; //Fsck=Fpclk/32
    	}
    	SPIx->CR1|=1<<6; //SPI设备使能
    } 
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void SPI2_Init(void)	
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Initialize the STM32 hardware SPI2
     * @parameters :None
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/
    void SPI2_Init(void)	
    {
    	SPI_InitTypeDef  SPI_InitStructure;
    	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    	 
    	//配置SPI2管脚
    	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_15;
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    	GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
    
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  GPIO_Pin_14;    
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; 
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;  
    	GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);  
    	
    	//SPI2配置选项
    	RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_SPI2 ,ENABLE);
    	   
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_Low;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_1Edge;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB;
    	SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CRCPolynomial = 7;
    	SPI_Init(SPI2, &SPI_InitStructure);
    
    	//使能SPI2
    	SPI_Cmd(SPI2, ENABLE);   
    }
    
    

    LCD底层驱动代码

    #include "lcd.h"
    #include "stdlib.h"
    #include "delay.h"	 
    #include "SPI.h"
    	   
    //管理LCD重要参数
    //默认为竖屏
    _lcd_dev lcddev;
    
    //画笔颜色,背景颜色
    u16 POINT_COLOR = 0x0000,BACK_COLOR = 0xFFFF;  
    u16 DeviceCode;	 
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_WR_REG(u8 data)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Write an 8-bit command to the LCD screen
     * @parameters :data:Command value to be written
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/
    void LCD_WR_REG(u8 data)
    { 
       LCD_CS_CLR;     
    	 LCD_RS_CLR;	  
       SPI_WriteByte(SPI2,data);
       LCD_CS_SET;	
    }
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_WR_DATA(u8 data)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Write an 8-bit data to the LCD screen
     * @parameters :data:data value to be written
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/
    void LCD_WR_DATA(u8 data)
    {
       LCD_CS_CLR;
    	 LCD_RS_SET;
       SPI_WriteByte(SPI2,data);
       LCD_CS_SET;
    }
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_WriteReg(u8 LCD_Reg, u16 LCD_RegValue)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Write data into registers
     * @parameters :LCD_Reg:Register address
                    LCD_RegValue:Data to be written
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/
    void LCD_WriteReg(u8 LCD_Reg, u16 LCD_RegValue)
    {	
    	LCD_WR_REG(LCD_Reg);  
    	LCD_WR_DATA(LCD_RegValue);	    		 
    }	   
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(void)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Write GRAM
     * @parameters :None
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/	 
    void LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare(void)
    {
    	LCD_WR_REG(lcddev.wramcmd);
    }	 
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void Lcd_WriteData_16Bit(u16 Data)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Write an 16-bit command to the LCD screen
     * @parameters :Data:Data to be written
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/	 
    void Lcd_WriteData_16Bit(u16 Data)
    {	
    	 LCD_CS_CLR;
    	 LCD_RS_SET;
       SPI_WriteByte(SPI2,Data>>8);
       SPI_WriteByte(SPI2,Data);
    	 LCD_CS_SET;
    }
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_DrawPoint(u16 x,u16 y)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Write a pixel data at a specified location
     * @parameters :x:the x coordinate of the pixel
                    y:the y coordinate of the pixel
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/	
    void LCD_DrawPoint(u16 x,u16 y)
    {
    	LCD_SetCursor(x,y);//设置光标位置 
    	Lcd_WriteData_16Bit(POINT_COLOR); 
    }
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_Clear(u16 Color)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Full screen filled LCD screen
     * @parameters :color:Filled color
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/	
    void LCD_Clear(u16 Color)
    {
      unsigned int i,m;  
    	LCD_SetWindows(0,0,lcddev.width-1,lcddev.height-1);   
    	LCD_CS_CLR;
    	LCD_RS_SET;
    	for(i=0;i<lcddev.height;i++)
    	{
        for(m=0;m<lcddev.width;m++)
        {	
    			Lcd_WriteData_16Bit(Color);
    		}
    	}
    	 LCD_CS_SET;
    } 
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_Clear(u16 Color)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Initialization LCD screen GPIO
     * @parameters :None
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/	
    void LCD_GPIOInit(void)
    {
    	GPIO_InitTypeDef  GPIO_InitStructure;	      
    	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB ,ENABLE);	//使能GPIOB时钟
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9| GPIO_Pin_10| GPIO_Pin_11| GPIO_Pin_12; //GPIOB9,10,11,12
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;   //推挽输出
    	GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化
    }
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_RESET(void)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Reset LCD screen
     * @parameters :None
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/	
    void LCD_RESET(void)
    {
    	LCD_RST_CLR;
    	delay_ms(100);	
    	LCD_RST_SET;
    	delay_ms(50);
    }
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_RESET(void)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Initialization LCD screen
     * @parameters :None
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/	 	 
    void LCD_Init(void)
    {  
    	SPI2_Init(); //硬件SPI2初始化
    	LCD_GPIOInit();//LCD GPIO初始化										 
     	LCD_RESET(); //LCD 复位
    //************* ST7796S初始化**********//	
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xF0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0xC3);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xF0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x96);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0x36);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x68);	
    	LCD_WR_REG(0x3A);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x05);	
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xB0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x80);	
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xB6);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x02);	
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xB5);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x02);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x03);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x04);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xB1);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x80);	
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x10);	
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xB4);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xB7);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0xC6);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xC5);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x24);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xE4);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x31);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xE8);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x40);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x8A);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x29);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x19);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0xA5);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x33);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xC2);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xA7);
    	
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xE0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0xF0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x09);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x13);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x12);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x12);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x2B);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x3C);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x44);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x4B);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x1B);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x18);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x17);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x1D);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x21);
    
    	LCD_WR_REG(0XE1);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0xF0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x09);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x13);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x0C);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x0D);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x27);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x3B);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x44);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x4D);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x0B);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x17);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x17);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x1D);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x21);
    
      LCD_WR_REG(0X36);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0xEC);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xF0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0xC3);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0xF0);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x69);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0X13);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0X11);
    	LCD_WR_REG(0X29);
    	
      LCD_direction(USE_HORIZONTAL);//设置LCD显示方向
    	LCD_LED=1;//点亮背光	 
    	LCD_Clear(WHITE);//清全屏白色
    }
     
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_SetWindows(u16 xStar, u16 yStar,u16 xEnd,u16 yEnd)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Setting LCD display window
     * @parameters :xStar:the bebinning x coordinate of the LCD display window
    								yStar:the bebinning y coordinate of the LCD display window
    								xEnd:the endning x coordinate of the LCD display window
    								yEnd:the endning y coordinate of the LCD display window
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/ 
    void LCD_SetWindows(u16 xStar, u16 yStar,u16 xEnd,u16 yEnd)
    {	
    	LCD_WR_REG(lcddev.setxcmd);	
    	LCD_WR_DATA(xStar>>8);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00FF&xStar);		
    	LCD_WR_DATA(xEnd>>8);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00FF&xEnd);
    
    	LCD_WR_REG(lcddev.setycmd);	
    	LCD_WR_DATA(yStar>>8);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00FF&yStar);		
    	LCD_WR_DATA(yEnd>>8);
    	LCD_WR_DATA(0x00FF&yEnd);
    
    	LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare();	//开始写入GRAM			
    }   
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_SetCursor(u16 Xpos, u16 Ypos)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Set coordinate value
     * @parameters :Xpos:the  x coordinate of the pixel
    								Ypos:the  y coordinate of the pixel
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/ 
    void LCD_SetCursor(u16 Xpos, u16 Ypos)
    {	  	    			
    	LCD_SetWindows(Xpos,Ypos,Xpos,Ypos);	
    } 
    
    /*****************************************************************************
     * @name       :void LCD_direction(u8 direction)
     * @date       :2018-08-09 
     * @function   :Setting the display direction of LCD screen
     * @parameters :direction:0-0 degree
                              1-90 degree
    													2-180 degree
    													3-270 degree
     * @retvalue   :None
    ******************************************************************************/ 
    void LCD_direction(u8 direction)
    { 
    	lcddev.setxcmd=0x2A;
    	lcddev.setycmd=0x2B;
    	lcddev.wramcmd=0x2C;
    	switch(direction){		  
    		case 0:						 	 		
    			lcddev.width=LCD_W;
    			lcddev.height=LCD_H;		
    			LCD_WriteReg(0x36,(1<<3)|(1<<6));
    		break;
    		case 1:
    			lcddev.width=LCD_H;
    			lcddev.height=LCD_W;
    			LCD_WriteReg(0x36,(1<<3)|(1<<5));
    		break;
    		case 2:						 	 		
    			lcddev.width=LCD_W;
    			lcddev.height=LCD_H;	
    			LCD_WriteReg(0x36,(1<<3)|(1<<7));
    		break;
    		case 3:
    			lcddev.width=LCD_H;
    			lcddev.height=LCD_W;
    			LCD_WriteReg(0x36,(1<<3)|(1<<7)|(1<<6)|(1<<5));
    		break;	
    		default:break;
    	}		
    }
    

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